Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
It. has. been. indicated. that. the. agricultural. use. of. animal. manure. or.
ishpond. sediment. containing. considerable. amounts. of. antibiotics. such.
as. tetracycline,. which. is. commonly. used. in. both. humans. and. in. farming.
of. shrimps. and. livestocks. in. our. region,. may. give. rise. to. ecological. risks.
(Wei.et.al..2009)..In.the.past,.Chinese.shrimp.and.prawns.were.banned.in.
Europe.and.the.United.States.due.to.the.high.residual.antibiotics.detected.
(Chao. 2003).. However,. the. most. detrimental. effect. is. the. provocation. of.
resistance. in. pathogens. through. long-term. exposure. to. the. residues. of.
these.antibiotics.because.of.genetic.variation,.and.the.transfer.to.plasmids.
containing. an. antibiotic-resistant. gene,. either. directly. or. indirectly. from.
nonpathogenic.to.pathogenic.microorganisms.(Wegener.1999).
HealthImpactsofToxicChemicals
Chronic Diseases
With.the.dramatic.rise.of.the.incidence.of.chronic.diseases.globally.(Yach.
et.al..2004),.diseases.such.as.allergies,.neuropsychiatric.diseases,.metabolic.
disorders,.gynecological.and.obstetric.disorders,.cardiovascular.disorders,.
and.cancers.have.become.more.dificult.to.manage..Modern.medical.prac-
tice. often. emphasizes. on. a. single. procedure. or. a. pharmaceutical. agent.
to. cure. a. disease. by. conducting. randomized. placebo-controlled. trials..
Despite. technological. advances,. many. diseases. have. become. intractable..
The. patterns. of. diseases. have. changed. dramatically. with. many. patients.
having. multiple. medical. problems.. Functional. abnormalities. like. insom-
nia,. anxiety,. and. fatigue. have. become. more. prevalent.. In. the. quest. for. a.
rational.explanation.and.more.eficacious.management,.a.novel.approach.
engendered.from.the.perspectives.of.“functional.medicine”.has.been.tried..
This. approach. has. been. shown. to. be. effective. and. is. based. on. scientiic.
advances.in.the.ield.of.studies.on.nutrition.and.environmental.pollution.
(Galland.2006).
Over.a.period.of.8.years,.an.observational.research.in.a.private.pediatric.
clinic.in.Hong.Kong.has.been.very.active.in.unraveling.the.myths.of.intrac-
table.illnesses.in.infants.and.children..Many.cases.of.severe.allergies,.autism,.
apparent. hereditary. neurodevelopmental. disorders,. and. compromised.
growth.could.be.reversed.through.nutritional.therapy..This.health.manage-
ment.idea.has.been.extended.to.treat.both.fetus.and.adult.with.health.prob-
lems..A. new. model. of. diseases. can. be. explained. by. the. concept. of. genetic.
polymorphism,.nutrient.insuficiencies,.toxic. pollutants.overload,. and.hor-
monal.imbalance..Diagnostic.approach.involves.a.detailed.history.of.dietary.
habit,.lifestyle,.drug.history,.and.occupational.exposure.to.potential.pollut-
ants.. Investigations. would. include. a. hair. mineral. analysis,. a. provocative.
 
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