Mitigating Environmental and Health Risks Associated with Uncontrolled Recycling of Electronic Waste: Are International and National Regulations Effective? - Environmental Contamination: Health Risks and Ecological Restoration - page 197

TABLE 10.1
Concentrations.of.POPs.in.Human.Specimens.from.the.Study.Sites

POPs Specimen Unit Guiyu Taizhou Lin'an

ΣPCDD/Fs Human.

milk

pg.WHO-
TEQ 1998 /g.fat

NA 21.0.±.13.81a 9.35.±.7.39a

Placenta pg.WHO-

TEQ 1998 /g.fat

NA 35.1.±.15.7a 11.9.±.7.05b

Hair pg.WHO-

TEQ 1998 /g.dry.wt

NA 33.8.±.17.7a 5.59.±.4.36b

Human.
milk

ng/g.fat 94.1.±.86.4a 70.7.±.114b 1.43.±.0.805c

Σ 7 PBDEs

Placenta ng/g.fat NA 12.9.±.20.3a 0.529.±.0.189b

Hair ng/g.dry.wt NA 82.9.±.163a 2.44.±.1.54b

Σ 36 PCBs a /
Σ 23 PCBs b

Human.
milk

ng/g.fat 9.5.±.15.7c 363.±.470a 116.±.108b

Placenta ng/g.fat NA 224.±.97.0a 44.6.±.77.0b
Hair ng/g.dry.wt NA 386.±.465a 51.0.±.37.2b
Sources: . Chan,.J.K.Y..et.al.,. Environ. Sci. Technol .,.41,.7668,.2007;.Chan,.J.K.Y.,.Dietary.exposure,.
human.body.loadings,.and.health.risk.assessment.of.persistent.organic.pollutants.at.
two.major. electronic. waste. recycling. sites. in. China,. PhD. thesis,.Hong. Kong.Baptist.
University,.Kowloon.Tong,.Hong.Kong,.2008;.Leung,.A.O.W..et.al.,. Environ. Sci. Pollut.
Res .,. 17,. 1300,. 2010;. Xing,. G.H.. et. al.,. Environ. Int., . 35,. 76,. 2009;. Xing,. G.H.,. Human.
exposure.and.health.risk.assessment.of.polychlorinated.biphenyls.at.two.major.elec-
tronic. waste. recycling. sites. in. China,. PhD. thesis,. Hong. Kong. Baptist. University,.
Kowloon.Tong,.Hong.Kong,.2008.
NA,.Not.available.
Means.having. different.letters. (across. a.row). are.signiicantly.different.at. the.5%.probability.
level.among.the.three.study.sites.for.a.given.specimen.according.to.the.Tukey.Test.
Σ 7 PBDEs.=.sum.of.BDE-28,.47,.99,.100,.153,.154,.183.
a. Σ 36 PCBs.(Guiyu).=.sum.of.PCB-18,.37,.44,.49,.52,.70,.74,.77,.81,.87,.99,.101,.105,.114,.118,.119,123,.
126,.128/158,.138,.151,.153,.156,.157,.167,.168,.169,.170,.177,.180,.183,.187,.189,.194,.199.
b. Σ 23 PCBs.(Taizhou,.Lin'an).=.sum.of.PCB-28,.52,.77,.81,.99,.101,.105,.114,.118,.123,.126,.128,.138,.
156,.157,.167,.169,.170,.180,.183,.187,.189.

of.Guiyu.and.Taizhou.were.signiicantly.higher.than.those.of.Lin'an.(a.city.
245.km.away.from.Taizhou,.serving.as.a.control.site),.and.obviously.linked.
with.the.polluted.environment.(Table.10.1).
The.average.concentration.of.PBDEs.in.human.milk.from.Guiyu.residents.
was.found.to.be.higher.than.Taizhou.due.to.the.intensive.processing.of.com-
puters.and.plastic.cables.and.wires.in.Guiyu..These.WEEE.contain.PBDEs—
lame. retardants—that. are. not. chemically. bound. to. the. product. and,. as. a.
result,.could.be.released.into.the.environment.under.high-temperature.con-
ditions.. Total. PBDE. concentrations. in. umbilical. cord. blood. of. neonates. in.
Guiyu.(median.13.84,.range.1.14-504.97.ng/g.lipid).have.also.been.found.to.be.
higher.than.that.of.samples.from.a.control.site.(5.23,.range.0.29-363.70.ng/g.
lipid).(Wu.et.al..2010).