Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLE 3.1
Comparison of Fiber Properties and Selected Metal
Material
Tensile Strength,
10
3
psi (MPa)
Tensile Modulus,
10
6
psi (GPa)
Density, lb/in.
3
(g/cm
3
)
Bulk 6061T6 Aluminum
45.0 (310)
10.0 (69)
0.098 (2.71)
Bulk SAE 4340 Steel
150.0 (1034)
29.0 (200)
0.283 (7.83)
E-glass fibers
500.0 (3448)
10.5 (72)
0.092 (2.54)
S-glass fibers
650.0 (4482)
12.5 (86)
0.090 (2.49)
Carbon fibers (PAN precursor)
AS-4 (Hercules)
580.0 (4000)
33.0 (228)
0.065 (1.80)
IM-7 (Hercules)
785.0 (5413)
40.0 (276)
0.064 (1.77)
T-300 (Amoco)
530.0 (3654)
33.5 (231)
0.064 (1.77)
T-650/42 (Amoco)
730.0 (5033)
42.0 (290)
0.064 (1.77)
Carbon fibers (pitch precursor)
P-55 (Amoco)
250.0 (1724)
55.0 (379)
0.072 (1.99)
P-75 (Amoco)
300.0 (2068)
75.0 (517)
0.072 (1.99)
P-100 (Amoco)
325.0 (2241)
100.0 (690)
0.078 (2.16)
Aramid fibers
Kevlar
®
29 (Dupont)
550.0 (3792)
9.0 (62)
0.052 (1.44)
Kevlar
®
49 (Dupont)
550.0 (3792)
19.0 (131)
0.053 (1.47)
Boron fibers
0.004" diameter (Textron)
510.0 (3516)
58.0 (400)
0.093 (2.57)
510.0 (3516)
58.0 (400)
0.090 (2.49)
0.0056" diameter (Textron)
Silicon carbide fibers
0.0056" diameter (Textron)
500.0 (3448)
62.0 (427)
0.110 (3.04)
Source:
Courtesy of Gibson (1994).
TABLE 3.2
Properties of Common Glass Fibers
Glass Type
Property
E
C
S
Diameter (μm)
8-14
—
10
Density (kg/m
3
)
2540
2490
2490
Tensile modulus (GPa)
72.4
68.9
85.5
Tensile strength (MPa)
3450
3160
4590
Elongation (%)
1.8-3.2
4.8
5.7
Coeff. of thermal expansion (×10
-6
/°C)
5.0
7.2
5.6
Thermal conductivity (W/m/°C)
1.3
—
—
Specific heat (J/kg/°K)
840
780
940
Source:
Courtesy of Hyer (1998).
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