Geography Reference
In-Depth Information
Poorer Countries,
2010
Niger,
2010
Guatemala,
2010
Males
Females
Males
Females
Males
Females
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......
..
.
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..
80+
70-74
60-64
50-54
40-44
30-34
20-24
10-14
0-4
80+
70-74
60-64
50-54
40-44
30-34
20-24
10-14
0-4
80+
70-74
60-64
50-54
40-44
30-34
20-24
10-14
0-4
....
.
10
8
6
4
2
0
2
4
6
8 10
24
20
16 12 8
4
0
4
8 12 16 20 24
14
12
10
86
40268 0
12
14
% of population
% of population
% of population
Figure 2.16
Age-Sex Population Pyramids for Countries with High Population Growth Rates.
Countries with high total fertility rates, high infant mortality rates and low life expectancies will
have population pyramids with wide bases and narrow tops.
Data from
: United Nations, World
Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision.
(Fig. 2.16). The youngest age groups have the largest
share of the population; in the composite pyramid
shown here, the three groups up to age 14 account for
more than 30 percent of the population. Older people,
in the three highest age groups, represent only about
4 percent of the total. Slight variations of this pyramidal
shape mark the population structure of such countries
as Pakistan, Yemen, Guatemala, The Congo, and Laos.
From age group 15 to 19 upward, each group is smaller
than the one below it.
In countries with economic wealth, pyramid shapes
change. Families become smaller, children fewer. A
composite population pyramid for wealthier countries
looks like a slightly lopsided vase, with the largest com-
ponents of the population not at the bottom but in the
middle. The middle-age bulge is moving upward,
refl ecting the aging of the population (Fig. 2.17) and the
declining TFR. Countries with low TFR and high
wealth, such as Italy, France, and Sweden, fi t into this
pyramid model.
Wealthier Countries,
2010
France,
2010
United States,
2010
Males
Females
Males
Females
Males
Females
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..
..
..
...
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....
..
....
....
.....
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...
...
...
..
...
80+
70-74
60-64
50-54
40-44
30-34
20-24
10-14
0-4
80+
70-74
60-64
50-54
40-44
30-34
20-24
10-14
0-4
80+
70-74
60-64
50-54
40-44
30-34
20-24
10-14
0-4
.......
....
...
86
4
2
0
2
4
6
8
86
4
2
0
2
4
6
8
86
4
2
0
2
4
6
8
% of population
% of population
% of population
Figure 2.17
Age-Sex Population Pyramids for Countries with Low Population Growth Rates.
Countries with lower total fertility rates and longer life expectancies have population pyramids
shaped more uniformly throughout.
Data from
: United Nations, World Population Prospects:
The 2010 Revision.
