Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
research instruments, and associated software that are used by academic, industrial, and
government researchers in developing and performing unique chemical and biosensor-
based enzyme, immunodiagnostic, DNA, organelle, and whole-cell bioassays. A list for
product selection is given as follows:
BioSenSys
TM
, multianalyte diagnostics workstation
: BioSenSys performs biosensor-based
immunodiagnostic assays for the monitoring of blood metabolites, therapeutic drugs, and
microbiological agents.
ToxSen
TM
, chemical toxicity sensor
: Based on a multielement array of differentiated whole
cells, ToxSen comprises a quantitative screening test along with associated methods and
apparatus for performing rapid, on-site screening of the chemical toxicity of water, waste-
water, and other effluent streams.
EnVOCSys
TM
, a VOC system for the monitoring of volatile organic constituents of the expired
breath
: The system comprises a 16-element array sensor (EnVOCSen
TM
) that is responsive
to gas-phase constituents at the sub-ppm level.
beChip
TM
, the bioelectronic biochip is a 64-element impedimetric array for bioelectronic detection
of DNA hybridization
: This OncoChip
TM
is targeted at clinical cancer diagnostics and the
rapid genomic staging of malignancies and as a complement to histopathology.
21.3.2.3 Biacore 2000 Analyzer, (Biacore Inc.)
Biacore 2000 is one of the high-sensitivity automated analysis system with surface-plas-
mon-resonance biosensor chips for rapid detection of several biological species (Figure
21.6). The sensor chip is a unique, integrated, but easily exchangeable component of Biacore
systems. There is a range of sensor surfaces available to allow flexible immobilization of
biomolecules through covalent coupling or capture. A wide range of biomolecules can
be immobilized, including peptides, proteins, oligonucleotides, and membrane-bound
receptors. In combination with optimized methods for efficient coupling of ligands, the
immobilized surfaces are very stable, although this is ligand dependent. Biacore-sensor
chips meet the highest demands for chemical stability, reproducibility, and low, nonspecific
binding. Key benefits include high sensitivity (10
-11
M), rapid analysis time per sample
(2-10 min), and reproducible results [130].
The sensor chip surface consists of a glass support on which a gold film has been
deposited. For most applications the gold layer is covered with a noncrosslinked-
carboxylated-dextran hydrogel coupled through an alkyl-thiol-linker layer.
FIGURE 21.6
Biacore 2000 analyzer and sensor chips. (From http://www.biacore.com/products/systemsandsoftware/2000/.
Accessed December 20, 2004.)
