Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
13
Electrochemical Biosensors Based on Carbon
Nanotubes
Won-Yong Lee
CONTENTS
13.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................335
13.2 Electrochemical Behavior of CNT-Modified Electrodes ..........................................337
13.3 Enzymatic Biosensors Based on CNTs ........................................................................338
13.3.1 Biosensors Based on the Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity of CNT ......338
13.3.1.1 Fabrication of CNT-Based Enzymatic Biosensors ......................338
13.3.1.2 Oxidase-Based Biosenors ................................................................340
13.3.1.3 Dehydrogenase-Based Biosensors ................................................342
13.3.1.4 Other Enzyme-Based Biosensors ..................................................342
13.3.2 Direct Electrochemistry of Redox Proteins and Enzymes ..........................343
13.4 DNA Hybridization Biosensors Based on CNTs ........................................................345
13.4.1 DNA Hybridization Detection Based on Electroactive Label ....................345
13.4.2 DNA Hybridization Detection Based on Guanine Oxidation ....................346
13.4.3 DNA Hybridization Detection Based on Enzyme Label ............................346
13.4.4 DNA Hybridization Sensor Based on Impedance Measurement ..............347
13.5 Field-Effect Transistors Based on Biomolecule-Functionalized CNTs ....................347
13.5.1 Glucose Detection ............................................................................................347
13.5.2 Assay of Protein Bindings ..............................................................................347
13.6 Conclusions and Future Perspectives ..........................................................................348
Acknowledgment ......................................................................................................................349
References ....................................................................................................................................349
13.1
Introduction
Since their first discovery in 1991 [1], carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have rapidly gained
importance in the fields of chemistry, physics, and material sciences [2]. Such tremen-
dous interest stems from the fact that CNTs have unique properties such as high
335
 
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