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computational systems. Just as described in the quote by Dan Millman that
opens this chapter. The question that remains to be considered is how we can
harvest the functionalities of such large-scale systems. This perhaps can be
solved by having computational schemes that work at Internet-scale.
10.2 Future of Internet-Scale PR
Pattern recognition has and will always be a part of our lives. For several
decades, we have put much effort into delegating the recognition process to
machines, specifically computers. The evolution of computing fields, such as
robotics and machine learning, has provided a significant edge in enhancing
the applications involving pattern recognition. In the future, we foresee that
these applications will be extended beyond a simple domain-specific problem.
We may need to take a step and look at the context of collaborative inter-
domains. In addition, the recognition process can be applied beyond simple
textual and numerical data. Rather, it can also be applied on the semantics
of data. Current technological developments under the label of Internet-of-
Things (IoT) [7] and System-of-Systems (SoS) [102] are making it possible to
work from the perspective of collaborative inter-domains.
In today's common enterprises and industries, monitoring and controlling
large-scale process control systems are important. The information systems
designed for such applications require interoperability between heterogeneous
distributed systems ranging from control networks to enterprise networks.
The significance of the systems interoperability can be observed in industrial
scenarios such as the plant lubrication system, where engineering, control,
monitoring, and maintenance systems are interoperable and require perfect
coordination for the system to perform its functions. In teaching systems, stu-
dent information systems and examination systems can be integrated to create
an automation of student's examination results and suggestions on possible
course loads to be taken in the future. Although different types of systems are
targeted to achieve a common goal in a particular industry or business, exist-
ing practices seem to be designed as silos, where the tyranny of manual actions
are required to reach interoperability throughout the system. This type of ap-
proach is prone to human errors and is an unnecessary waste of resources. A
complete integration and automation system that performs cross-layer oper-
ations between different systems within a single large-scale system, known as
System of Systems (SoS), has a vast potential for solving these types of prob-
lems. With this approach being developed, it is important that each compo-
nent system can dynamically be discovered, added, or removed. Furthermore,
information exchange can be performed seamlessly between different systems,
acting as a single large-scale ecosystem.
