Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
20
40 60 80
Particle size (nm)
100
FIGURE 16.7 
Surface area/volume ration (%) vs. particle size.
238 U
4.5×10 9 years
Primordial
radionuclide
(Intermediates
not shown)
226 Ra
1600 years
α (4.6, 4.8 MeV)
222 Rn
3.8 days
α (5.5 MeV)
218 Po
3.04 min
α (6.0 MeV)
214 Pb
26.8 min
214 Po
164 µs
β
214 Bi
19.9 min
β
α (7.7MeV)
210 Pb
22.3 years
FIGURE 16.8 
226 Ra family depicting the chain of decay products and particle emissions.
3
1
5
4
2
FIGURE 16.9  Instrument for iltration ability of lung (FAL) measurement. 1—NaI detector; 2—collimators;
3—lead shield; 4—air sample; 5—electronic.
 
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