Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
FIGURE 7.2
Flow diagram for ilter processing and chemical analyses.
a
Analytical instruments:
AAS, atomic absorption spectroscopy; AC, automated colorimetry;
CCSEM, computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy; ELSD, evaporative light scattering detector; HPLC-IEC, high-performance liquid chromatography with
an ion exchange column; IC, ion chromatography; IC-PAD, IC with pulsed amperometric detector; ICP-MS, inductively coupled plasma—mass spectrometry; PTFE,
polytetraluoroethylene; SEC, size-exclusion chromatography; TD-GC-MS, thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; TOC, total organic carbon;
UV/VIS, ultraviolet/visible light detector; XRF, x-ray luorescence.
Observables:
OC, organic carbon; EC, elemental carbon; HULIS, humic-like substances; MDA,
mono- and dicarboxylic acids; NC, neutral/basic compounds; PA, polycarboxylic acids; WSOC, water soluble organic carbon.
b
51 elements, Table 7.1;
c
124 organic com-
pounds, see Table 7.2;
d
Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Pb
204,
205, 206, 207, 208
; anions include:
e
Cl
−
, NO
2
, NO
3
−
, PO
4
=
, SO
4
=
(by IC); cations
include NH
4
+
(by AC); Na
+
, Mg
++
, K
+
, and Ca
++
(by AAS), K
2
CO
3
: potassium carbonate.
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