Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
O
Pinic acid
OH
O
α-Pinene
OH
+RO
2
+O
2
+O
3
+RO
2
or + HO
2
-OH
O
+O
2
O
OO
O
OO
+RO
2
+RO
2
O
-HCHO
Ring opening
+O
2
+O
2
FIGURE 6.11
Mechanism of the reaction of α-pinene with ozone. (Courtesy of Paul Ziemann, American
Association for Aerosol Research, Mt. Laurel, NJ.)
Molar yield (%)
Particles gas
2.8
Molar yield (%)
Particles gas
O
O
OH
2.7
2.8
9.8
O
O
OH
OH
CH
2
OH
CH
2
OH
2.1
1.6
2.0
9.2
O
O
O
O
0.9
18.1
OH
O
O
O
1.3 6.6
0.2
2.4
O
O
OH
O
FIGURE 6.12
Products of the reaction of α-pinene with ozone, identiied by GC-MS with double derivatiza-
tion. (From Yu, J. et al.,
J. Atmos. Chem
., 34, 2007, 1999; Courtesy of Paul Ziemann American Association
for Aerosol Research, Mt. Laurel, NJ.)
6.5.1 M
odel
oF
i
ndoor
a
erosol
b
eHavior
Deinitions:
Outdoor aerosol concentration, Co (dp) (μg m
−3
).
Interior volume of building, V (m
3
).
Iniltration (as low), Q(in) (m
3
h
−1
); Q/V = λ
in
(h
−1
) (as rate)
Aerosol penetration, P(d
p
).
Ventilation (forced outside airlow via HVAC mechanical systems), Q(oa) (m
3
h
−1
).
Total mechanical system low, Q(t) = Q(oa) + Q(r) (recirculation); in most residences with forced
air systems, there is no explicit ventilation (outside air) low so Q(t) = Q(r).
Aerosol iltration eficiency, ε(d
p
); transport through the ilter is [1 − ε(d
p
)].
Exiltration/Mechanical Exhaust, Q(ex) = Q(in) + Q(oa) (m
3
h
−1
).
Indoor deposition rate, kj(d
p
) (h
−1
); the value of k depends upon the orientation of surface j; kj = v
d
(d
p
)
A
j
/V, where v
d
is the particle-size-dependent deposition velocity and A
j
is the area of surface j.
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