Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
APPENDIX C
GLOSSARY
Abiotic
‐
Occurring without the direct involvement of organisms.
Acclimation
‐
Time required for physiological adjustment by an organism to environmental
change.
Acetogen
‐
A bacterium that generates acetate as a product of anaerobic respiration.
Actinomycetes
‐
A group of Gram-positive bacteria commonly found in soil, more recently
classified as Actinobacteria.
Activated carbon
‐
A highly adsorbent form of carbon used to remove odors and/or toxic
substances from liquid or gaseous emissions.
Active treatment
‐
In situ
bioremediation approach in which water soluble amendments are
added to the subsurface intermittently, frequently, or even continuously, by pumping liquid
solutions into injection wells. Extraction may also be used to recover water prior to amendment
addition and/or to recirculate amendments through the target treatment zone.
Aerobic
‐
Environmental conditions where oxygen is present.
Air sparging
‐
Technology in which air or oxygen is injected into an aquifer to volatize or
biodegrade contaminants.
Aliphatic compounds
‐
Any chemical compound belonging to the organic class in which the
atoms are not linked together to form a ring.
Alkane
‐
A hydrocarbon consisting of single carbon-carbon bonds without any cyclic
structures.
Alluvial
‐
Relating to or involving sand deposited by flowing water.
Amplicon
‐
A piece of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) formed as the product of natural or
artificial amplification events.
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