Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
CHAPTER THREE
The Use of Shock Waves in
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration:
New Perspectives?
,},1
* Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical
Traumatology at the Research Centre for Trauma of the Austrian Workers' Compensation Board (AUVA),
Vienna, Austria
Department for Trauma Surgery and Sports Traumatology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
{ Department for Surgery, State Hospital Hainburg, Hainburg, Austria
} Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged,
Hungary
1 Corresponding author: e-mail address: nogradi.antal@med.u-szeged.hu
, , { , Antal Nógrádi *
Thomas Hausner *
Contents
1.
Introduction
86
2. Features of Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in Rodents and Humans: How to
Speed Up Slow Regeneration?
87
3. Presumed Biological Effects of ESWT
88
4. Effects of ESWT on Peripheral Nerves
89
4.1 Effects of ESWT on sensory nerves
89
4.2 Effects of ESWT on motor nerves
91
5. Conclusion
93
Acknowledgments
96
References
96
Abstract
Low-energy extracorporeal shock wave treatment (ESWT) is a relatively new therapeutic
tool that is widely used for the treatment of epicondylitis and plantar fasciitis and to
foster bone and wound healing. Shock waves, sonic pulses with high energy impact,
are thought to induce biochemical changes within the targeted tissues through
mechanotransduction. The biological effects of ESWT are manifested in improved vas-
cularization, the local release of growth factors, and local anti-inflammatory effects, but
the target cells too are influenced.
ESWT appears to have differential effects on peripheral nerves and has been proved
to promote axonal regeneration after axotomy. This review discusses the effects of ESWT
on intact and injured peripheral nerves and suggests a multiple mechanism of action.
 
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