Geography Reference
In-Depth Information
Third interesting religious scene is the picture in Kirgiz region as follows: ”
Kirge
si gens e
t,
quae cateruatim degit, id est in Hordis, aβidueque cum mhogholis gerit, habetque ritum i
tiu
modi.
Ipsorum unti
tes aut
acrificus, quo tempore rem diuinam peragit,
anguine, lucte et fimo
iumentorum acceptis, ac terrae mixtis, ac in uas quiddam infusis, una cum hoc arborem
candit, atque
hinc diu
uel populum
concionatus, in
tultam plebeculum
pergit. Populus uero in terram pronus,
adorabundu
que, aspersiunculam hanc pro deo colit: firmeque credit, nihil e
e perinde
alutare ac
terram, pecus, armentaque et cum quis inter eos diem obit, loco
epulture arboribus
u
pendit
.”(transl. “Kirgiz are tribes who live in teams, i.e. hordes, they still are at war with
Mongols and practice their own ritual: their priests when they are serving the God make an
offering. They take the blood, milk and cattle excrements, mix them together with a soil and
pour to the dish. Then, the priest takes this mixture and climbs up a tree and next has a long
teaching talk he spreads the mixture blessing the people. For the people who are bowing to
the ground it means to be worshipping the idol (God?). He probably considers that it is
more important to bless from up than from the ground every animal or people. As far as the
dead people are concerned they are hanging here on the trees instead of being buried.
We can classify the signatures of the cities rather to decorative elements, however they were
popular in 16
th
century maps. The examples can be picturesque signatures of
“V
tiuge”
(Veliki Ustiug)
, “Tour
hock”
(Toržok) or
“Cazane gorode”
(Kazan)
5.5. Toponymy on the Jenkinson's map; the language and ortography
Toponymy and the orthography on the Jenkinson's map has been already considered by the
author in her article (Szykula, K., 2010), published in a special jubilee volume devoted to the
50
th
work anniversary of Professor of the Stettin University Olga Molchanova = Molczanowa
or Molčanova (
Ad Fontes
, 2010).
In the first part of the paper the author shared with the readers her remarks, doubts and
difficulties, which accompanied her during the creation of the dictionary being in
preparation. The cause of the difficulties were the differences in the orthography on every of
the examined maps. We sometimes meet interesting phenomenon on some of the maps
where the represented region is not a native for given cartographer. This happens for
instance in case of Mercator's and de Jode's map when they marked the same cities many
times because of the different versions of their names they met on several maps. In
Mercator's map it concerns for instance Polish city Bydgoszcz which takes following names
to be in fact the same city. There are: “
Bromberg”, “Bidgostia”, “Bizgelaw”
and
“Biltgotz”
. In de
Jode's rendition of Jenkinson's map there are in turn: “
Bobroue
ko”, “Bobran
ko” and
“Bobrouensko”
(to-day Bobruysk in Russian).
In the mentioned article the author was comparing the toponymy on different 16
th
century
maps in their relation to the Jenkinson's map. Examined in this respect were Wied's map, by
brother's Doetecum (so called Daškov
17
= Dashkow map), Sigismund Herberstein and
17
Pavel Jakovlevich Dashkov (1849-1910) was the bibliographer and collector of the historical documents to St.
Petersbourg in which the Doetecum map has survived and now is in the State Historical Museum in Moscow.
