HTML and CSS Reference
In-Depth Information
Figure 1.8
URL using FTP
Domain Names
A domain name locates an organization or other entity on the Internet. The purpose of
the Domain Name System (DNS) is to divide the Internet into logical groups and under-
standable names by identifying the exact address and type of the organization. The
DNS associates the text-based domain names with the unique numeric IP address
assigned to a device.
Let's consider the domain name www.yahoo.com. The .com is the top-level domain
name. The portion yahoo.com is the domain name that is registered to Yahoo! and is
considered a second-level domain name. The www is the name of the Web server
(sometimes called Web host server ) at the yahoo.com domain. Taken all together,
www.yahoo.com is considered to be a Fully-Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) .
Top-Level Domain Names (TLDs). A top-level domain (TLD) identifies the right-
most part of the domain name. A TLD is either a generic top-level domain, such as com
for commercial, or a country code top-level domain, such as fr for France. ICANN
administers the generic top-level domains shown in Table 1.1.
Table 1.1 Top-level domains
Generic TLD
Used By
Air-transport industry
.aero
.asia
Pan-Asia and Asia Pacific community
.biz
Businesses
.cat
Catalan linguistic and cultural community
.com
Commercial entities
.coop
Cooperative
.edu
Restricted to accredited degree-granting institutions of higher education
.gov
Restricted to government use
.info
Unrestricted use
.int
International organization (rarely used)
.jobs
Human resource management community
.mil
Restricted to military use
.mobi
Corresponds to a .com Web siteā€”the .mobi site is designed for easy access by mobile devices
.museum
Museums
.name
Individuals
.net
Entities associated with network support of the Internet, usually Internet service providers or
telecommunication companies
.org
Nonprofit entities
.pro
Accountants, physicians, and lawyers
.tel
Contact information for individuals and businesses
.travel
Travel industry
 
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