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Hill Cart Road) was being monitored by Dumpy Level Survey and continuous
monitoring through GPS and measuring tape.
The major hydrological parameter like rainfall data was collected during the
km crow fly
distance from the major landslide location Paglajhora. Rainfall data were also
collected from Shiviter Tea Estate.
field investigation from Selim Hill Tea Estate situated within
½
The collection of soil samples from different locations of the Shivkhola
Watershed were being accomplished with GPS to analyze soil texture, water
holding capacity, pore space, cohesion, friction angle and others stress param-
eters of the soil.
The total thickness of soil and that of saturated soil during monsoon was
measured from slope cutting. The soil here was mainly cohesion less with
coarser texture, having greater in
ltration capacity and so even during the high
intensity rain Hortonian overland flow did not occur.
The continuous changes in the land use character were studied during
eld
investigations with GPS and SOI (Survey of India Topo-Sheet, 1972 and 1987).
The sufferings from the landslide phenomena and related perception studies
have been made through well structured questionnaire to make a suitable
management proposal for the unstable terrain, Shivkhola Watershed.
The analysis and interpretation of collected and measured secondary and primary
data were done with full care in order to make synthesis of all the studied parameters
in a holistic manner for understanding the process operating in the study area.
Relief aspects i.e. percentage hypsometric curve, slope, and topographic index
of the shivkhola watershed were computed following the methods of Strahler
(
1952
), Wentworth (1930), Smith et al. (
1979
).
Basin perimeter, basin shape, stream frequency, and drainage density were
measured after Horton (
1932
), Stoddart (1965), Miller (
1953
), and Schumm
(
1956
).
The major hydrological parameter like rainfall data was collected from Selim Hill
Tea Estate situated within
km crow fly distance. The highly porous media helps
in the quick drainage of the subsurface water parallel to the slope and thus the
subsurface discharge through the porous media (permeable soil) in relation to the
hydraulic gradient and Darcian flow can be measured by the following equation.
½
h
z
bT
Q
¼
sin
h
ð
1
:
4
Þ
h = Thickness of the saturated soil
z = Thickness of the total soil
b = contour length
T = wet soil transmissivity
ʸ
= slope
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