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management of roof-top water and household used water through pipes and its
channelization to concrete drains. Last of all, speci
c rules should be imposed for
the establishment of concrete houses in the landslide prone area of the Shivkhola
Watershed and that can ensure the slope stability.
8.3.13 Landslide Warning System
USGS introduced an inventory of landslides (debris flow) from the storm of 27th
June, 1995 in Madison County by using aerial photography,
field investigations,
rainfall measurements from rain gauges and National Weather Service Doppler
Radar Observations (Morgan et al.
1999
). The inventory data are being used to
ascertain the conditions that caused the debris flows and to develop methods of
warning system of such events in the future (Morrissey et al.
2001
). In Shivkhola
Watershed, at risk prone areas of Paglajhora Sinking Zone and Tindharia slope
failure is mainly triggered by heavy and continuous rainfall. So, continuous mon-
itoring of rainfall and pore-water pressure by installing weather station and
piezometer respectively is essential. Recorded parameters as well as their possible
impact should be simulated and forecasted to the people living in the region through
local electronic media. To execute the process, local Government in association
with others non-govt organization and local people should come forward for
installing weather station and piezometer in the landslide hazard risk area of
Shivkhola Watershed mainly along the Hill Cart Road. At present Satellite systems
are used to monitor the movement of the landslide (Hutchinson et al.
2002
). In UK
National Survey Authority has installed a base station from where landslide
movement is obtained at a very small time interval. This type of satellite based
system can be installed in the destructive landslide prone areas of Darjiling
Himalaya to detect landslide movement. The rate of movement then be transmitted
to the people living in the landslide risk prone area which can help to rehabilitate
the people. Besides, GPS and Total Station could be utilized to assess the areal
extension and direction of landslide masses at regular time interval. Such assess-
ment of areal extension of landslide may also impart knowledge on the possible
impact of landslide phenomena.
For combating the problem of slope failure the following remedial measures
should be adopted immediately in the Shivkhola Watershed, Darjiling Himalaya.
Lined catch water drains at every 20 m intervals above the nala on the down-
slope and upslope should be constructed for the collection of surface run-off.
Horizontal Perforated pipes should be placed at the slided area during the
monsoon period for draining out of the sub-surface water.
Vegetal tur
ng over the steep tea garden slope is to be introduced for mini-
mizing the recharge of the ground water.
Continuous monitoring of ground water condition with the help of necessary
accessories (Peizometer).
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