Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 6.4.
Effect of the maize event DAS-59122-7 (53-70% maize in the diet) on growth performance
and organ weight of broilers in comparison to the near-isogenic control and three non-transgenic
conventional hybrids (120 broilers per treatment, 42 days). (From McNaughton
et al
., 2007.)
Confi dence
interval (95%)
Criteria
Control
DAS-59122-7
Final weight (g/animal)
1918
1916
1675-2144
Feed: gain (g/g)
1.88
1.87
1.70-2.03
Relative weights of some organs (g/kg body weight)
Kidney
♂
♀
20
20
20
21
8.5-33.2
8.2-33.2
Liver
♂
♀
35
34
a
36
37
b
20.5-50.6
19.5-51.0
Post-chill carcass (g/kg body weight)
♂
♀
708
705
713
707
626-792
622-791
Note:
a,b
Signifi es differences between treatments.
Side ef ects might be expected in GM
plants, particularly in GM plants with
multiple modii cations (multi-stacked
events; Cellini
et al
., 2004), and these should
be analysed scientii cally in detail.
Furthermore, the high biological range for
many parameters should be considered.
Such stacked events were also named as
i rst-generation GM plants (e.g. insect-
protected and herbicide-tolerant plants).
Feeds from stacked events were also fed to
animals (Taylor
et al
., 2005a,b, 2007a,b) and
did not show signii cant dif erences to feed
from non-GM plants (see Table 6.3).
Presently, no other foods/feeds have been
analysed as extensively and tested in various
studies as is the case for i rst-generation GM
plant products. It can be concluded that the
safety and nutritional evaluation of GM
versus conventionally bred plants is not well
balanced (Kok
et al
., 2008).
Some authors fed diets with feeds from
two or more GM plants (Table 6.5). h e
results did not show any biologically relevant
ef ect of feeds from i rst-generation GM
plants on animal health and welfare, animal
yield, quality of food of animal origin (see
Chapter 10) or the fate of tDNA or newly
expressed proteins (see Chapter 9).
h e objective of the ei ciency trials as
shown in Tables 6.3-6.5 is to measure the
ef ect of feed from GM plants on the
performance of food-producing animals,
and to compare the results with an isogenic
counterpart and some commercial products.
Questions concerning the tolerance of some
feeds in animals (tolerance studies) may be
also included in ei ciency trials.
Carman
et al
. (2013) have published
results from a i eld study with 168 pigs
(initial weight: 6.8 kg/piglet). Eighty-four
pigs (50% males and females each) were each
fed with control or GM maize (70.0-81.3%)-
soybean meal diets (26.5-16.0% depending
on age of pigs) for about 159 days (i nal
weight: about 101 kg/animal). h e stacked
GM maize contained a combination of
NK603, MON863 and MON810 (expressing
the CP4 EPSPS, Cry3Bb1 and Cry1Ab
proteins) and the soybean was 100% RR soy
(expressing the CP4 EPSPS protein). Further
control groups (commercial lines) were not
included in this study. Chemical analyses of
various mixed feeds were not given. Pooled
samples of GM feed showed higher total
al atoxins (2.1 ppb) and total fumonisins
(3.0 ppm); for non-GM feed, no al atoxins
and 1.2 ppm fumonisins were detected.
Mortalities were extremely high with 13 and
14%, respectively, for the non-GM- and the
GM-fed groups. h ere were no dif erences
between pigs of both groups for feed intake,
weight gain and routine blood chemistry.
Some dif erences between both groups were
