Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
the political agenda. In some regions of the
world, the regulatory systems were com-
pletely overhauled to regain the trust of the
population (which was assumed to have
been lost). In other countries, PR campaigns
were launched to bring biotechnology closer
to the public, assuming that the public
rejected biotechnology and that this, in
turn, would be a great risk for the future of
the economy. In yet other countries,
agriculture ministers adopted radical posi-
tions, even banning the cultivation of
certain transgenic crop varieties (probably
assuming that this would swing a great
number of votes). Was it really worth it?
freedom of choice? Evidence from a fi eld study
with organic, conventional and GM corn bread.
Food Policy 36, 830-838.
Areal, F.J., Riesgo, L. and Rodriguez-Cerezo, E.
(2011) Attitudes of European farmers towards
GM crop adoption. Plant Biotechnology Journal
9, 945-957.
Berg, P. (1974) Potential biohazards of recombinant
DNA molecules. Science 185, 303.
Borre, O. (1990) Public opinion on gene technology
in Denmark 1987 to 1989. Biotech Forum
Europe 7, 471-477.
Bredahl, L. (2001) Determinants of consumer
attitudes and purchase intentions with regard to
genetically modifi ed foods: results of a cross-
national survey. Journal of Consumer Policy 24,
23-61.
Chong, M. (2005) Perception of the risks and
benefi ts of Bt eggplant by Indian farmers.
Journal of Risk Research 8, 617-634.
Dannenberg, A. (2009) The dispersion and
development of consumer preferences for
genetically modifi ed food - a meta-analysis.
Ecological Economics 68, 2182-2192.
Frewer, L.J., Scholderer, J. and Bredahl, L. (2003)
Communicating about the risk and benefi ts of
genetically modifi ed foods: the mediating role of
trust. Risk Analysis 23, 1117-1133.
Gaskell, G., Allum, N. and Stares, S. (2003)
Europeans and Biotechnology in 2002. Euro-
barometer 58.0. Offi ce for Offi cial Publications
of the European Communities Luxembourg
( http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/
ebs_177_en.pdf, accessed 9 April 2013).
Gaskell, G., Allansdottir, A. and Allum, N. (2006)
Europeans and Biotechnology in 2005: Patterns
and Trends. Offi ce for Offi cial Publications of the
European Communities, Luxembourg ( http://
ec.europa.eu/research/press/2006/pdf/pr1906_
eb_64_3_final_report-may2006_en.pdf,
accessed 9 April 2013).
Gaskell, G., Stares, S. and Allansdottir, A. (2010)
Europeans and Biotechnology in 2010: Winds
of Change? European Commission, Directorate
General for Research, Brussels ( http://ec.
europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_
341_winds_en.pdf, accessed 9 April 2013).
Guehlstorf, N.P. (2008) Understanding the scope of
farmer perceptions of risk: considering farmer
opinions on the use of genetically modifi ed
(GM) crops as stakeholder voice in policy.
Journal of Agricultural and Environmental
Ethics 21, 541-558.
Hagemann, K. and Scholderer, J. (2007) Consumer
versus expert hazard identifi cation: a mental
models study of mutation-bred rice. Journal of
Risk Research 10, 449-464.
15.8 Conclusions
A dispassionate look at the results of the
numerous opinion surveys and consumer
studies conducted in the last two decades
suggests that, in the eyes of most 'publics' -
consumers, citizens, food manufacturers,
retailers - gene technology has never really
been an issue of particularly high import-
ance. On average, their attitudes tend to be
neutral. And even at times when con-
troversies between stakeholders escalated,
for example in the EU in the second half of
the 1990s, only relatively minor changes
could be observed in the attitudes of the
general public. A 'crisis of coni dence' it
certainly was not. We believe that this is an
important lesson to remember: although
heated arguments may be exchanged
between stakeholders, and the points of
disagreement may seem all-important at the
time, they are still likely to be ignored by
almost everybody who is not concerned
professionally with GM crops. We would like
to close with an appeal to reason: things
should always be kept in perspective.
References
Aerni, P. and Bernauer, T. (2005) Stakeholder
attitudes toward GMOs in the Philippines,
Mexico, and South Africa: the issue of public
trust. World Development 34, 557-575.
Aerni, P., Scholderer, J. and Ermen, D. (2011) How
would Swiss consumers decide if they had
 
 
 
Search WWH ::




Custom Search