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Figure 16.2
The data file for our numerical example.
always available as a resource. Children in Group 3 (Software) learned
math through math training software developed by a team of faculty
and students from the local university; again, the teacher was available
as a resource. The dependent variable was the number of math word
problems correctly answered in the hour that was allocated for testing.
Hypothesizing that verbal ability should be used as a covariate in this study,
the researchers administered a test of verbal proficiency to the children a
few days prior to the math test.
The SPSS data file for this study is shown in Figure 16.2. The variable
named subid is our participant identification code. The group variable
represents the type of educational program to which the children were
exposed; the codes of 1, 2, and 3 stand for Traditional, Freeform, and
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