Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 3 Indoor, outdoor, personal PM 2.5 and target-metal concentrations as reported in the
Toxicity and Exposure Assessment for Children's Health (TEACH) and Relationships of Indoor,
Outdoor, and Personal Air (RIOPA studies) a
Analyte
PM 2.5
Fe
Zn
Ti
Ni
Cu
V
Mn
Cr
Se
As
Location
ΚΌ g/m 3
ng/m 3
Indoor
L.A.
21.0
106.0
40.0
8.8
6.6
5.7
4.1
3.4
1.5
1.4
0.4
NYC
20.1
102.0
52.0
3.5
22.2
7.2
5.0
2.0
1.1
0.7
0.4
CA
16.2
109.0
16.0
10.8
1.6
5.4
4.1
2.0
0.9
0.8
0.5
NJ
20.1
72.0
106.0
4.1
3.0
11.4
4.1
2.2
3.8
0.9
0.9
TX
17.1
49.0
52.0
5.4
1.2
4.4
2.7
2.0
1.2
0.3
0.9
Outdoor
L.A.
12.9
144.0
43.0
12.4
6.9
4.9
4.9
5.1
1.8
2.0
0.4
NYC
12.8
121.0
36.0
3.3
22.8
7.4
6.2
2.3
1.4
0.9
0.4
CA
19.2
163.0
16.0
10.4
2.0
5.5
5.3
2.9
0.6
1.4
0.5
NJ
20.4
282.0
48.0
13.9
5.3
11.0
6.7
5.7
7.0
1.6
1.2
TX
14.7
117.0
14.0
8.8
2.2
1.9
5.5
4.3
1.1
0.7
1.0
Personal b
L.A.
16.7
156.0
56.0
12.7
17.2
7.5
3.9
4.6
1.9
1.4
0.4
NYC
17.9
546.0
48.0
4.1
23.5
8.0
5.1
6.2
3.0
0.7
0.5
CA
29.2
187.0
75.0
20.0
3.9
17.1
3.7
3.1
2.7
0.9
0.5
NJ
44.8
206.0
208.0
22.9
7.3
17.4
3.6
4.0
5.4
0.8
0.9
TX
37.2
168.0
69.0
28.5
4.1
12.3
2.6
4.2
2.3
0.4
1.2
Indoor/outdoor ratio
L.A.
1.6
0.7
0.9
0.7
1.0
1.2
0.8
0.7
0.8
0.7
1.0
NYC
1.6
0.8
1.4
1.1
1.0
1.0
0.8
0.9
0.8
0.8
1.0
CA
0.8
0.7
1.0
1.0
0.8
1.0
0.8
0.7
1.5
0.6
1.0
NJ
1.0
0.3
2.2
0.3
0.6
1.0
0.6
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.8
TX
1.2
0.4
3.7
0.6
0.5
2.3
0.5
0.5
1.1
0.4
0.9
Personal/outdoor ratio
L.A.
1.3
1.1
1.3
1.0
2.5
1.5
0.8
0.9
1.1
0.7
1.0
NYC
1.4
4.5
1.3
1.2
1.0
1.1
0.8
2.7
2.1
0.8
1.3
CA
1.5
1.1
4.7
1.9
2.0
3.1
0.7
1.1
4.5
0.6
1.0
NJ
2.2
0.7
4.3
1.6
1.4
1.6
0.5
0.7
0.8
0.5
0.8
TX
2.5
1.4
4.9
3.2
1.9
6.5
0.5
1.0
2.1
0.6
1.2
a Source : Turpin et al. ( 2007 ), Kinney et al. ( 2008 )
b Samples collected using Personal Sampling Pumps at breathing zone height
Indoor and outdoor concentrations (from the TEACH and RIOPA studies) are
generally within a factor of 2, with outdoor concentrations larger in about 60% of
the comparisons and indoor concentrations larger in about 20% (Table 3 ). Mean
personal concentrations (again from TEACH and RIOPA) were greater than mean
indoor concentrations in 76% of the comparisons; mean indoor concentrations were
greater in only 12% of the comparisons. Although indoor and personal exposures
would be more closely associated with outcomes of interest to us, the epidemiologi-
cal studies we reviewed were not designed to account for them. More studies are
 
Previous Page
Next Page
Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
Search WWH ::




Custom Search
Home