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to help perform a reendothelialization process after vascular injury through
paracrine factors or through incorporation.
Several cytokines have been described to effect EPCmobilization as well as
HMG-CoA inhibitors. EPCs are mobilized after MI, CABG, trauma, or sur-
gical interventions. Healthy subjects that perform physical exercise have gen-
erally higher levels of EPC. Chronic diseases can lower the amounts of EPC
and the levels of EPC can be associated to the severeness of several diseases.
Until now, EPCs have been used in clinical studies to improve the revascular-
ization of ischemic tissue. Furthermore, they are targeted in new therapies that
are based on capturing EPC to improve reendothelialization. Until now, no
clinical therapy based on EPC has shown superiority compared with the
administration of MNCs.
Overall, the potential of EPC for clinical applications remains huge and
promising, but there is still too little known about their origin, function, and
identification to really assess their full potential at the moment.
REFERENCES
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