Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
CHAPTER TWO
Endothelial Progenitor
Cells
Potential New Avenues
to Improve Neoangiogenesis
and Reendothelialization
,1 , Gerrit Grieb †, { , David Simons †, { ,} ,
Jürgen Bernhagen { , Rene R. van der Hulst *
* Department of Plastic Surgery, academisch ziekenhuis Maastricht, MUMC þ , Maastricht, The Netherlands
Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Burn Unit, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen,
Germany
{ Department of Biochemistry, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
} German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
1 Corresponding author: e-mail address: piatkowski.de.grzymala@gmail.com
Andrzej Piatkowski *
Contents
1.
Introduction
44
2. Characterization of EPC
45
2.1 Isolation of EPCs
46
2.2 Phenotypical characterization
50
2.3 Genetic characterization
52
2.4 Effects of cytokines on EPC
53
2.5 Cytokines expressed by EPC
56
3. EPC in Health and Disease
57
3.1 EPC in the healthy
57
3.2 EPC in disease
58
4. EPC - Drug Interactions
65
4.1 HMG-CoA inhibitors
65
4.2 Other drugs
66
5. EPC Applications
67
5.1 Guided EPC autotransplantation
67
5.2 EPC in tissue engineering
68
6. Conclusions
69
References
70
Abstract
The term endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) was established more than 10 years ago
and is used to refer to a group of circulating cells that display endothelial lineage qual-
ities and are able to home to areas of ischemia or vascular injury and to facilitate
 
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