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Figure 8.11 Scanning electron microscopy of V. brassicaformis. Vegetative cells and
sporangia are enclosed by a wall composed of numerous superimposed layers resem-
bling cabbage head (left panel) (scale bar¼5 m m). Empty multilayered wall of a rup-
tured sporangium (right panel) (scale bar¼5 m m). Reprinted from Oborník et al.
(2012) , Copyright (2012), with permission from Elsevier 2011.
Figure 8.12 Scanning electron microscopy of V. brassicaformis flagellated zoospores.
The elongated tapered zoospores are equipped with two heterodynamic flagella. Note
the presence of a longitudinal ridge on the ventral side of the zoospore. The shorter
flagellum lacks the finger-like projection present in zoospores of C. velia (scale
bar¼2 m m). Reprinted from Oborník et al. (2012), Copyright (2012), with permission
from Elsevier 2011.
characteristic of this chromerid species is a single round operculum in its cyst
wall ( Fig. 8.13 ; Oborn´k et al., 2012 ). Although both C. velia and
V. brassicaformis contain very similar cortical alveoli and subalveolar sheet
of microtubules, in the latter alga we have found no traces of pseudoconoid,
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