Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Figure 4.51
Effect of upper soil layer on pile deflection and bending moment (fixed-head piles).
4.4.5 Raking piles and effect of lateral loading on
axial capacity
The response of piles to inclined loading (i.e. combined axial and lateral loading) has
been discussed by various authors (Broms, 1965; Meyerhof and Ranjan, 1972; Poulos
and Davis, 1980). In non-cohesive soil, it has been argued that the axial capacity of a
pile may be increased by small amounts of lateral load, owing to the increase in normal
stress between pile and soil. This argument has only limited support from experimental
data, except for very stubby, caisson-type piles. For most piles, the effects of lateral
loading are confined to the upper few diameters of the pile. For small amounts of
