Chemistry of Freshwaters - Principles of Environmental Chemistry - page 109

Main species: pH 2: Al 31 , AlF 21 ; pH 6: Al(OH) 21 , Al(OH) 2 1 ; pH 10:
Al(OH) 4 .

Hydrolysis and two inorganic ligands, F and SO 2 :

f Al II T g¼f Al 3 þ gþf Al ð OH Þ 2 þ gþf Al ð OH Þ 2 g
þf Al ð OH Þ 3 gþf Al ð OH Þ 4 gþf AlF 2 þ g
þf AlF 2 gþf AlSO 4 gþf Al ð SO 4 Þ 2 g¼ 10 7 mol L 1
¼f Al 3 þ gð 1 þ b 1 =f H þ gþ b 2 =f H þ g 2
þ b 3 =f H þ g 3 þ b 4 =f H þ g 4
þ b 1 fluoride f F gþ b 2 fluoride f F g 2
þ b 1 sulfate f SO 2 4 gþ b 2 sulfate f SO 2 4 g 2 Þ

Main species: pH 2: Al 31 , AlF 21 , (AlSO 4 1 ); pH 6: Al(OH) 21 ,

Al(OH) 2 1 ; pH 10: Al(OH) 4 .

Hydrolysis, two inorganic ligands, F and SO 2 , and organic ligand,
Org :

f Al II T g¼f Al 3 þ gþf Al ð OH Þ 2 þ gþf Al ð OH Þ 2 g
þf Al ð OH Þ 3 gþf Al ð OH Þ 4 gþf AlF 2 þ g
þf AlF 2 gþf AlSO 4 gþf Al ð SO 4 Þ 2 gþf AlOrg 2 þ g
¼ 10 7 mol L 1
¼f Al 3 þ gð 1 þ b 1 =f H þ gþ b 2 =f H þ g 2
þ b 3 =f H þ g 3 þ b 4 =f H þ g 4
þ b 1 fluoride f F gþ b 2 fluoride f F g 2
þ b 1 sulfate f SO 2

4 g
þ b 2 sulfate f SO 2 4 g 2 þ b 1 org f Org gÞ

Main species: pH 2: Al 31 , AlF 21 , (AlSO 4 1 ); pH 6: AlOrg 21 ,

Al(OH) 2 1 ; pH 10: Al(OH) 4 .