Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
90N
−
20
−
30
January minus July
Difference (
C)
−
10
−
3
−
40
−
50
−
40
60
−
5
−
30
−
20
−
10
−
20
−
5
30
−
20
0
0
EQ
5
5
10
5
10
15
5
10
30
5
Figure 9.9
Global
distribution of change in
near-surface air temperature
between July to January in °C.
(From Peixoto and Oort,
1992, published with
permission.)
5
60
10
20
90S
180
120
60W
0
60E
120
180
Latitude
40N
20N
27
28
28
EQ
27
28
20S
February
40S
60E
120E
180
120W
60W
0
40N
28
20N
28
27
27
EQ
28
28
20S
August
40S
60E
120E
180
120W
60W
0
Figure 9.10
Monsoon component of atmospheric circulation showing the departure of the monthly mean surface
circulation during February and August from its annual mean and 27°C and 28°C sea-surface isothermals for the
midsummer month in each hemisphere. (From Rassmusson
et al
.,1993, published with permission.)
Tropical cyclones
Tropical cyclones are the most energetic transient weather systems in the tropics.
They are areas of intense convergence which, when mature, have a central core
which is considerably warmer than the surrounding air. They are designated
tropi-
