Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Bioethanol from Lignocellulosic Biomass
Xin-Qing Zhao, Li-Han Zi, Feng-Wu Bai, Hai-Long Lin, Xiao-Ming Hao,
Guo-Jun Yue and Nancy W. Y. Ho
Abstract China is suffering from a sustained shortage of crude oil supply,
making fuel ethanol and other biofuels alternative solutions for this issue.
However, taking into account the country's large population and dwindling
arable land due to rapid urbanization, it is apparent that current fuel ethanol
production from grain-based feedstocks is not sustainable, and lignocellulosic
biomass, particularly agricultural residues that are abundantly available in China,
is the only choice for China to further expand its fuel ethanol production,
provided economically viable processes can be developed. In this chapter,
cutting edge progress in bioethanol is reviewed, with a focus on the understanding
of the molecular structure of the feedstock, leading pretreatment technologies,
enzymatic hydrolysis of the cellulose component and strategies for the co-fermen-
tation of the C5 and C6 sugars with engineered microorganisms. Finally, process
integration and optimization is addressed with a case study on the COFCO Corpo-
ration's pilot plant, and challenges and perspectives for commercial production of
bioethanol are highlighted.
Keywords Co-fermentation
Enzymatic hydrolysis
Lignocellulosic biomass
Pretreatment
Process integration and optimization
X.-Q. Zhao
L.-H. Zi
F.-W. Bai (
)
School of Life Science and Biotechnology,
Dalian University of Technology,
Dalian 116023, China
e-mail: fwbai@dlut.edu.cn
H.-L. Lin
X.-M. Hao
G.-J. Yue
COFCO Corporation, COFCO Fortune Plaza,
No.8 Chaoyangmen S. Street,
Beijing 100020, China
N. W. Y. Ho
School of Chemical Engineering and Laboratory
of Renewable Resources Engineering,
Potter Engineering Center, Purdue University,
500 Central Drive, West Lafayette
IN 47907-2022, USA
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