Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 1 The characteristics of some liquid fuels
Physical property
Gasoline
Ethanol
1-
Propanol
1-
Butanol
1-
Pentanol
Isopropanol
Isobutanol
2-Methyl-1-
butanol
3-Methyl-1-
butanol
Molecular weight
72-170
46
60
74
88
60
74
88
88
Density at 20 C (g/cm
3
)
0.700-
0.790
0.794
0.800
0.810
0.810
0.785
0.802
0.805
0.809
Boiling point at 1 atm (C)
32-210
78
97
118
138
62.5
108
132
132
Solubility
a
Immiscible
Miscible
Miscible
7.7
Miscible
Miscible
8.0
Immiscible
Immiscible
Energy density (MJ/kg)
44.5
29.7
33.6
36.1
37.7
33.6
36.1
37.7
37.7
Net heat of combustion (BTU/gal)
124,000
80,000
86,000
93,000
94,000
NA
95,000
NA
NA
(R ? M)/2
b
87
112
NA
87
NA
106
103.5
147
147
Blend RVP (psi at 100 F)
14.7
18-22
1.3
4.3
NA
14
5.0
NA
NA
Hygroscopicity
Low
High
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Compatible with current
infrastructure
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
NA not available, RVP Reid vapor pressure
a
Water solubility at 20 C (g/100 mL)
b
Average of research octane number and motor octane number (US/Canadian formula for determining octane level in gasoline)
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