Hydrodynamics in Porous Media with Applications to Tissue Engineering - Porous Media: Applications in Biological Systems and Biotechnology - page 111

can then be shown that a compromise between a sucient oxygen supply and
an adapted mechanical load has to be found in the regulation of the perfusion
flow.
These results suggest that scaffold architectural properties such as poros-
ity and tortuosity as well as physicochemical properties of the materials are
important in determining optimal scaffold parameters allowing adequate envi-
ronmental conditions for cell activity. Our results provide a basis for the
completion of more exhaustive quantitative studies to further assess the rela-
tionship between perfusion, at known microfluid dynamic conditions, and tis-
sue growth in vitro .
Particularly, they have shown that the conception of a performing perfu-
sion bioreactor has to take into account the porous active properties of the
involved substrate-cells medium. The reorganization of the porous matrix due
to the coupling between perfusion fluid flow and biological consolidation pro-
cesses would have to be approached by such a model in the next future. Under
certain conditions that have been emphasized here, electrical properties of the
substrate have also to be taken into account, leading to further integrated
experimental-computational way of research. Such an approach has to be con-
ducted in a multidisciplinary scientific environment where the biomechanics
field has to play a major role by its characteristic multiscale and multiphysics
methodology.
3.7 References
Abousleiman, R. I. and Sikavitsas, V. I. (2006). Bioreactors for tissues of the
musculoskeletal system. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology,
585 :243-259.
Akhyari, P., Fedak, P. W. M., Weisel, R. D., Lee, T.-Y. J., Verma, S., Mickle,
D. A. G., and Li, R. K. (2002). Mechanical stretch regimen enhances the
formation of bioengineered autologous cardiac muscle grafts. Circulation,
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Altman, G., Horan, R., Martin, I., Farhadi, J., Stark, P., Volloch, V., Vunjak-
Novakovic, G., Richmond, J., and Kaplan, D. L. (2002). Cell differentiation
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Arnett, T., Gibbons, D., Utting, J., Orriss, I., Hoebertz, A., Rosendaal, M.,
and Meghji, S. (2003). Hypoxia is a major stimulator of osteoclast formation
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Atlan, G., Delattre, O., Berland, S., LeFaou, A., Nabias, G., Cot, D., and
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