Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
18
CELLS OF THE NERVOUS
SYSTEM AND ELECTRICAL
STIMULATION
Carlos Atico Ariza and Surya K. Mallapragada
Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
Contents
18.1 Overview
614
18.2 Cells in the Nervous System
614
18.3 Neural Progenitor Cells
616
18.3.1 History of Postnatal Neurogenesis
616
18.3.2 NPCs in the Brain
617
18.3.3 NPC Fate Identifi cation
618
18.3.4 Possible NPC Applications
619
18.4 Central Nervous System Damage and Repair
620
18.4.1 Repair Strategies
621
18.5 Electrical Stimulation
621
18.5.1 Physiological Endogenous Electric Fields
622
18.5.2 Electrical Stimulation of the Nervous System
623
18.5.3 DC Electric Fields
In Vivo
623
18.5.4 Electromagnetic Stimulation
In Vivo
624
18.5.5 Therapeutic Electrical Stimulation in the CNS
624
18.5.6 Extracellular Electrical Stimulation
In Vitro
625
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