Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
14.6 BIOMEDICAL APPLICATION OF MG
S
The main applications of MGs with different porosity are listed in Table 14.5 and
are defi ned by their porosity, surface properties, elasticity and mechanical strength.
Thus the highly elastic and mechanically stable MGs with pore size up to 100
m
(as physically cross-linked PVA-MGs) were shown as promising biocompatible
porous materials for cartilage replacement [Covert et al., 2003; Jiang et al., 2004;
Swieszowski et al., 2006 ].
The MGs with pore size up to 200
μ
m (which are characterized by high elas-
ticity and sponge-like morphology) have an enormous potential as 3D porous
scaffolds for cell culture applications. The highly elastic and sponge-like MGs
meet most of the requirements to be suitable as 3D-scaffolds for cell cultivation.
The MGs are highly porous, can be prepared from biocompatible precursors
and can be produced in different formats. The MGs can be designed as non-
degradable [Kumar et al., 2006a,b; Plieva et al., 2006a,b] or with controlled degree
μ
TABLE 14.5. Biomedical Applications of MG s Prepared Through Cryogelation Technique
and the Macroporous Materials Prepared from Similar Precursors Through Freeze-drying
Technique
Approach
used for the
preparation
of scaffolds
Pore size,
Polymer based
μ
m
Application
References:
Poly(vinyl alcohol), PVA
MGs
Cryogelation
technique
Up to 1
Cartilage
replacement
[Covert et al.,
2003 ;
Swieszowski
et al., 2006;
Jiang et al.,
2004 ]
PVA cryogels with
Aloe Vera
Cryogelation
technique
Up to 1
Wound
dressing
[Park and Nho,
2003 ]
Freeze -
drying
Up to 65
Wound
healing
[You and Park,
2004 ]
Gelatin - based MGs
Freeze -
drying
10 - 200
As 3D
scaffold for
cell culture
[Vlierberghe
et al., 2007;
Dubruel et al.,
2007 ]
Gelatin - coated
polyacrylamide and
polydimethylacrylamide
MGs
Cryogelation
technique
10 - 200
As 3D
scaffold for
cell culture
[Kumar et al.,
2006a,b ;
Nilsang et al.,
2007a,b ; Plieva
et al., 2007c ]
Dextran - based MGs
Cryogelation
technique
10 - 100
As 3D
scaffold for
cell culture
[Bolgen et al.,
2007a,b ; Plieva
et al., 2006c ]
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