Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLE 4.1. Commercial BCP and BCP Composites
HA/
b
- TCP ratio
60/40
MBCP ® (Biomatlante, France)
20/80
MBCP2000 ® (Biomatante France)
20/80
Tribone 80 ® (Strycker Europe)
55/45
Eurocer 400 ® (FH France)
60/40
Osteosynt ® (Einco Ltd, Brazil)
60/40
Triosite ® (Zimmer, IND)
60/40
4Bone ® (MIS Israel)
60/40
SBS ® (Expanscience France)l)
60/40
4Bone ® (MIS Israel)
60/40
Kainos + ® (Signus Germay)
60/40
Hatric ® (Arthrex Germany, US)
60/40
OptiMX ® (Exactech USA)
65/35
BCP ® (Medtronic)
65/35
Eurocer 200 ® (FH France)
MCPC ™ (Biomatlante France)
BCP cement
Composites
BCP/Collagen
Allograft (Zimmer, IN)
BCP/HPMC
MBCP Gel ® (Biomatlante France)
BCP/Fibrin
Tricos ® (Baxter BioSciences BioSurgery)
BCP/Silicon
FlexHA (Xomed, FL)
Exploratory studies have demonstrated the potential uses for BCP ceramic
as a scaffold for tissue engineering in bone regeneration, gene therapy, and drug
delivery. More recently, the BCP granule concept has been applied to the devel-
opment of a new generation of injectable, mouldable bone substitutes [16,17].
BCP granules are combined with various polymers, natural (e.g., fi brin sealant)
or synthetic (e.g., hydrosoluble polymer), to develop an injectable bone substi-
tute, IBS [17], or calcium phosphate cement to improve macroporosity and pro-
vide greater osteoconduction [18].
The present review focuses on the main physical and chemical properties of
various BCP bioceramics such as micro and macrostructure, role and perfor-
mance of different HA/TCP ratios, new developments in bioceramics for inject-
able, mouldable BCP bioceramics and the clinical relevance of such bioceramics.
4.3 THE FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL
PROPERTIES OF BIPHASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE BIOCERAMICS
4.3.1 Introduction to Macroporosity and Microporosity
Two physical properties of bioceramics were considered to be very important
for optimum biological performance in bioceramic-cell interaction, bioceramic
resorption, bioceramic-tissue interface and new bone formation. These funda-
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