Adaptive Optics in Wide-Field Microscopy - Adaptive Optics for Biological Imaging - page 280

Depth d

Back pupil
plane

FIGuRE 15.8 Schematic.presentation.of.the.simulated.optical.path.for.depth-aberration.correction.at.the.pupil.
plane..he.phase-correction.element.is.the.thin.sheet.between.the.two.lenses.

b1 c1

b2 c2

c3

b3

c4

b4

FIGuRE 15.9 (See color insert.) .(b1).Calculated.PSF.of.an.ideal.microscope..(b2).Plotted.ray.paths.emerging.
from.a.point.under.the.microscope.(bottom.fan).and.exiting.the.microscope.to.focus.at.the.image.plane.(top.fan.
of.rays)..(b3).Enlarged.view.of.rays.converging.onto.the.focal.point..(c1).he.PSF.computed.with.a.layer.of.water.in.
the.imaging.path,.showing.the.typical.spherical.aberration..(c2).he.geometrical.optics.pattern.due.to.refraction.
in.a.layer.with.refractive.index.diferent.from.the.immersion.oil.(depicted.in.the.top.ray.fan)..(c3).Enlarged.view.
of.(c2).near.the.focus,.with.the.geometrical.optics.pattern.corresponding.to.the.aberrated.PSF.of.(c1)..(b4).he.
PSF.computed.for.the.ideal.microscope.optics.in.which.the.adaptive.element.introduces.the.phase.corrections,.
according.to.Equation.15.1,.for.the.layer.of.water..he.PSF.shows.a.spherical.aberration.“inverted”.to.that.in.(c1)..
(c4).he.PSF.for.imaging.into.water.with.phases.corrected.by.the.adaptive.element,.showing.the.recovery.of.the.
nonaberrated.PSF.(Kam.et.al..2007).