Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 2.4 DLS analyses of Au NPs in DMEM ( top ) and RPMI ( bottom ) with 10 % FBS, at 37 C.
Left panels : time-dependent evolution of protein corona in the two cellular media, right panels :
protein corona volume versus Au NP radius at two incubation times (1 and 48 h) (adapted from
[ 29 ])
Therefore, the protein corona can change significantly between in vitro test (with
lower protein concentration) and in vivo tests. This indicates that the in vitro studies
of nanoparticles cannot always predict the behavior of nanoparticles in the living
biological environments. They studied on the composition of the protein corona at
different plasma concentrations with structural data on the complexes both in situ
and free. They presented the protein adsorption for two different NPs, sulfonated
polystyrene, and silica NP. NP-protein complexes are characterized by differential
centrifugal sedimentation, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential
in situ and once isolated from plasma as a function of the protein-NP surface
area ratio. They introduced a semiquantitative determination of the hard corona
composition using 1D-PAGE and liquid chromatography (LC)/mass spectrometry
(MS) (LC-MS/MS) which allows following the total binding isotherms for the
particles, identifying the nature and amount of the most relevant proteins as a
function of the plasma concentration. This allows us to illustrate more quantita-
tively the degree to which the biomolecule corona can change, depending on the
biological environment. They found that the hard corona can evolve quite signifi-
cantly between protein concentrations appropriate to in vitro cell studies to those
present in in vivo studies, which has deep implications for in vivo extrapolations
and will require more considerations in the future. They have combined studies on
the composition of the protein corona at different plasma concentrations with
structural data on the complexes. By applying methods of semiquantitative MS,
they can create the adsorption isotherms of the different components of the
adsorbed layer and relate the amounts bound from MS to those found from
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