Biomedical Engineering Reference
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(a)
TPF
TPF
SHG
SHG
Figure 10.2 Characterization of SHG responses to membrane potential. (a) Comparison of two-photon fluo-
rescence (TPF) and SHG signals. TPF and SHG signals were collected simultaneously from a neuron intracellularly
stained with FM4-64 through the patch pipette. While TPF signals were obtained from FM4-64 dyes distributed
both at the plasma membrane and cytoplasm, SHG signals were only collected from the plasma membrane.
(a)
TPF (FM4-64)
SHG (FM4-64)
Alexa488
TPF
SHG
Alexa
50 µm
5 µm
Figure 10.4 Membrane potential measurements at axons. (a) Visualization of axons by SHG. Primary cultured
dissociated neurons were extracellularly stained with FM4-64 and loaded with Alexa 488 intracellularly. The whole
neuronal morphologies including fine processes of axons can be clearly visualized by SHG. (Adapted from Nuriya,
M. and M. Yasui. 2010. J Biomed Opt 15:020503. With permission.)
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