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Increased autofluorescence
along wound margin
Autofluorescent epithelial cells
Parallel alignment of SHG collagen
along edges
Disruption of bowman layer
with protruding collagen
100 μm
0 μm
1200 μm
FIgurE 12.7 Large-area, multiphoton autofluorescence and backward SHG images of the scarred human
cornea ( ex vivo ). Near the corneal surface (0 mm), corneal epithelium can be identified by its intrinsic autofluo-
rescence while backward SHG signal shows corneal collagen protruding across the Bowman layer. At the depth
of approximate 1200 mm, autofluorescent wound edges and parallel aligned backward SHG patterns are found
along the wound edge. (Adapted from Teng, S. W. et al. 2007. Arch Ophthalmol 125(7):977-978.)
(a)
(b)
0 h
6 h
400 μm
(c)
(d)
12 h
24 h
FIgurE 12.8 Large-area, multiphoton autofluorescence and backward SHG images of excised bovine corneas
that have been injected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Images acquired at different times (0, 6, 12, and 24 h) fol-
lowing injection show the effected of simulated infection on corneal stromal collagen with time. At 0 h, injected
Pseudomonas aeruginosa in radiated pattern are clearly visible by autofluorescence. At the same time, the stro-
mal collagen is largely intact with no signs of degradation. With progression of the simulated infection process,
a decrease in backward SHG signal and increase in autofluorescence are observed. By 24 h, the corneal stroma is
almost filled entirely with strong autofluorescence. (Adapted from Chang, Y. L. et al. 2010. Appl Phys Lett 97:183703.)
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