Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 5.50 Ideal seating position in an automobile according to a (Babirat et al. 2001), and
b (Helbig and Jürgens 1977)
Table 5.12
Body dimensions according to DIN 33 402, compared to those of the participating
volunteer
Dimension
DIN 33 402
Volunteer
Total body weight (kg)
78.5
77.0
Total body height (mm)
1,765
1,780
Inseam (mm)
835
840
Shoulder length (mm)
480
485
Seat surface height (mm)
455
460
Seat depth (mm)
500
500
Buttock-knee length (mm)
610
615
Hip width (mm)
375
370
Anatomies: The data collection of the internal anatomic structures of the
gluteal and back region was done based on MR-images acquired via an upright
MRI device, Figs.
5.34
b and
5.52
c. To maintain an undeformed buttock config-
uration, a MR-compatible positioning rig was developed, which kept the volunteer
in a kneeling position (as an alternative to the seated position), Fig.
5.52
a and b
and (Ide 2009). During positioning and scanning, the angle settings listed in DIN
33 408 were maintained.
BoMo 6 to BoMo 9: The stepwise generation including skeleton, back part,
gluteal and upper leg muscles, skin/fat tissue and extremities, based on the pre-
viously described surface data acquisition, is depicted in Fig.
5.53
. Figure
5.55
shows the compound of muscle and bone structure in detail. The modelling of soft
tissue regions is analogue to that of the model in the recumbent position
(cf. Figs.
5.47
and
5.48
). It is based on non-linear hyperelastic in vivo tissue
material properties, evaluated by indentation testing at the buttocks and the upper
legs. In the case of BoMo 8, the model is based on data from a 48 year old
volunteer with a height of 1.75 m and a total body mass of 94 kg with additional
viscoelastic tissue material properties assigned to the gluteal fat and muscle tissue.
