Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 5.44 BoMo 0: completely hyperelastic male model in recumbent position without internal
anatomical structures
The population is divided into four percentile groups, namely P5, P50, P75 and
P95. Their body dimensions are documented in the engineering standards DIN 33
402. Accordingly, a P95 male at age 26-40 weighs 101 kg with a total height of
187 cm. In this case, 95th percentile means that only 5 % of the male population is
larger. In the case of the 5th percentile only 5 % of the population is smaller, and
95 % is larger.
BoMo 0: This simplified human model represents the full (outer) anatomy of a
male volunteer without internal anatomical details. The skin surface has been
generated by means of 3D-laser scan technology. The body volume is represented
by linear tetrahedral continuum elements with non-linear elastic and (linear) vis-
coelastic tissue properties (cf. Fig.
5.44
). BoMo 0 exhibits natural asymmetry, as is
apparent in the body surface scan. It is suited for simulating realistic interface
stress distribution and its transient change at skin level, due to viscoelastic material
behaviour encountered in body-support interaction.
BoMo 1: In contrast to BoMo 0, this human model based on the female
anatomy; it contains inner anatomical structures (skin/fat, muscles, bones and
organs) and exists in different versions: combined with buttocks, upper leg and
back part structures or as a full body model, cf. Fig.
5.45
. For soft tissue mod-
elling, quadratic tetrahedral continuum elements were used with elastic non-linear
in vivo behaviour for fat and muscle tissue.
