Human Body Models: BOSS-Models - Preventive Biomechanics - page 213

Fig. 5.35 MR image reconstruction based on transversal MRI scans of the human gluteus:
a pelvic bone, and b hip joints

computer tomography (CT) (see Fig. 5.34 a-c). Upright-MRI scanners are avail-
able to scan the human body in the seated or upright position, Fig. 5.34 b.
Prior to scanning, appropriate scan settings, such as sequence or weighting (see
for instance T 1 and T 2 -weighting in Sect. 3.1 ) , must be designated to capture the
details necessary for image reconstruction. Scanning provides image slices of the
scanned body region. The slice thickness depends on the complexity of the par-
ticular region and the required level of detail. Three orthogonal planes of the
human body are distinguished: sagittal-, transversal- and frontal (cf. Fig. 5.33 ):

Sagittal (lateral) plane: vertical alignment to the sutura sagittalis of the

human skull

Transversal (axial) plane: horizontal alignment related to the upright body

position and orthogonal alignment related to the
body's longitudinal axis

Frontal (coronal) plane: parallel alignment to the satura coronalis of the

human skull

In Fig. 5.33 a the planes are shown in relation to the human body, and
Fig. 5.33 b shows the sagittal and frontal plane related to the human skull.
To generate the surface at skin level, it can be appropriate to additionally employ
three-dimensional full body scanning, Fig. 5.34 c.
To obtain a 3D surface representation of the anatomical body regions based on
two dimensional MR scan images, the greyscale-images must be reconstructed