TISSUE ENGINEERING AND ANTI-AGING - Intelligent Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine - page 719

Table 35.1. Improved parameters for wrinkles. R1 repre-
sents skin roughness; R2, maximum roughness; R3, average
roughness; R4, smoothness roughness; and R5, arithmetic
average roughness.

Parameters Description

R1 Skin roughness

R2 Maximum roughness

R3 Averageroughness

R4 Smothness roughness

R5 Arithmetic averageroughness

Germany). The parameters used in the assessment of the skin wrin-
kles are listed in Table 35.1.

35.3 Result

Sixty-eight patients and two hundred and seventy-two sites were
treated with live gingival fibroblast injections with HA (Table 35.2).
The population was 1 male and 67 females. Age of the patients var-
iedfrom32to85years.Themeanageatthetimeofthefirstinjection
was 53.3 years. At 3 years' follow-up, the satisfaction score among
treatedpatientswasevaluated(Fig.35.3,Table35.2)at3yearsafter
injection, and the results were 3.1 in the nasolabial area (Fig. 35.4),
3.1 in the lip, 3.1 in the forehead (Fig. 35.5), and 2.8 in between the
eyebrows (Fig. 35.6), respectively. The satisfaction score increased
from 3.1, whereas the lateral eyelid to 4.00 within 6 months
(Fig. 35.7).
When we measured the parameters for the wrinkles of replicas
with the skin visiometers SV 600, injection of fibroblast and HA sig-
nificantly reduced all parameters for wrinkles (Figs. 35.8 & 35.9).
No serious adverse events considered to be related to the
study treatment were reported. Routine laboratory results, includ-
ing hematology and chemistry, were unremarkable and showed no
abnormalities or definitive trends. The longevity of the treatment
effect continuedfor at least 3 years.