Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 31
SOLID FREEFORM FABRICATION
Dong-Woo Cho,
a,d*
Jin Woo Lee,
b
Jong Young Kim,
c
and Tae-Yun Kang
a
a
Department of Mechanical Engineering, POSTECH,
P.O. Box 790-784,403, PIRO, Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang, Korea
b
Department of Nanoengineering, The University of California, San Diego
c
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Andong National University
d
Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, POSTECH,
P.O. Box 790-784,403, PIRO, Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang, Korea
*dwcho@postech.ac.kr
Until recently, tissue engineering scaffolds were produced by
conventional fabrication methods such as particulate leaching,
solvent casting, fiber bonding, and phase separation/inversion.
However, these methods are not satisfactory in terms of three-
dimensional (3D) freeform fabrication of the inner/outer archi-
tecture and the control of pores, porosity, and interconnectivity.
To fully realize and account for the 3D environment, attempts
have been made to design and fabricate scaffolds using computer-
aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM).
As a result, several solid freeform fabrication (SFF) technolo-
gies, including stereolithography (SL), fused deposition mod-
eling (FDM), 3D printing (3DP), and selective laser sintering
(SLS), recently have been developed. Because these methods use
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