CONSIDERATIONS ON THE STRUCTURE OF BIOMATERIALS FOR SOFT- AND HARD-TISSUE ENGINEERING - Intelligent Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine - page 532

Recent developments in translational and clinical studies should
be carefully considered in order to design scaffolds. Materials
for small-caliber vascular grafts are still a challenge, and the devel-
opment of novel materials, with mechanical properties similar to
naturalbloodvesselswithoutlossoftheirbiocompatibilityandcon-
trollable degradation time, is eagerly anticipated. Scaffold materi-
als for bone tissue engineering have already been applied in clinical
studies, although there is a need for more e cient materials. This
may depend on investigation of more detailed mechanisms of bone
regeneration.
Various scaffolds other than ceramic-based biomaterials are
available for bone tissue engineering. Information about novel bio-
materialsforbonetissueengineeringcanbefoundinPartsII,III,VI,
and VIIand also in recent reviews. 43 , 50 , 51
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Professor Izumi Asahina for clin-
ical studies on bone tissue engineering and Dr. Hiroaki Kaneko for
developing the electrospun nanofiber scaffolds. This work was sup-
ported in part by a grant for Research on Human Genome and Tis-
sue Engineering from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of
Japan to HK, a Japanese grant-in-aid for scientific research from the
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science to HK, and by a grant-
in-aid from TES Holdings Co. Ltd (Tokyo, Japan). We are grateful to
Olympus-TerumoBiomaterials(Tokyo,Japan)forgenerouslyprovid-
ing the β -TCP granules.
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