Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
possessosteoinductiveproperties.Furthermore,thereisanincreas-
ing demand for bone regeneration in patients who undergo dental
implant placement. Our group has investigated the safety and e -
cacyofalveolarbonetissueengineeringusingautologousbonemar-
row stromal cells (BMSCs) and β -TCP granules as a scaffold. The
interim results of this clinical study showed the feasibility of alve-
olar bone tissue engineering (Asahina et al. , manuscript under
review). This clinical study also provided us information about the
fate of transplanted scaffolds in the human body, which should help
ustoconsiderwhichscaffoldsaretrulyusefulforfuturebonetissue
engineering.
26.3.2 Ideal Ceramic Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering
from a Clinical Point of View
Scaffolds for bone tissue engineering should act as a template
for new bone growth and are expected to be eventually replaced
by autologous bone tissue. 31 Therefore, the biodegradable proper-
ties of ceramics are of substantial importance when ceramics are
applied for bone tissue engineering (Table 26.1). In this respect,
Table26.1. Scaffoldsusedincurrentclinicaltrialsaredescribed.
Currently usedceramic-scaffold forcell-based bone tissueengineering
Target tissue/area
Scaffold
References
largebone
HA block(porosity:60% or 80%
marcacciet al. 44
diaphysis defect
pore size: 613 or 430 μ m)
meijer et al. 45
Upper and lower
HA particles (porosity:
jaw bone defects
65%: pore size:?)
yamamiyaet al. 45
Infrabony periodontal
HA granules(porosity: ?;
bone defects
pore size:?)
Shayetehet al. 46
Sinus floor
60%HA/40%TCP cubes
augmentation
(porosity:?; pore size: 300-500 μ m)
Mesimaki et al. 46
Maxillary defects
β -TCP granules(porosity:
65%; pore size:?)
Kawate et al. 47
Femoral headdefects
β -TCP granules(porosity: 75%;
pore size: 100-400
μ
m)
 
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