Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
microspheres (group 2). Oil red O staining of the implants retrieved
at six weeks revealed that group 1 exhibited much more extensive
in vivo
adipogenesis than group 2 (Fig. 18.5). This could be due to
thesignificantlylowerapoptoticactivityofASCsculturedonmacro-
porous PLGA microspheres (Fig. 18.5).
The macroporous PLGA microspheres have many advantages as
cell transplantation vehicles. A microsphere is an injectable cell
transplantation vehicle and can be easily injected into the body
through a needle with no obstructions in the needle. A microsphere
allows irregularly shaped defects to be filled easily and cells to be
implanted using minimally invasive surgical procedures to regener-
atetissues.AmacroporousPLGAmicrospherecouldbeanappropri-
ate injectable scaffold for adipose tissue engineering. Various types
ofinjectablescaffoldshavebeenusedforadiposetissueengineering.
Transplantation of ASCs cultured on nonporous PLGA microspheres
resulted in adipose tissue formation.
7
,
8
However, nonporous PLGA
microspheres do not provide a large surface area for cell adhesion
and growth and thus may not be feasible for transplantation of cells
at high density. ASC transplantation using fibrin, an injectable scaf-
fold, resulted in good neo-adipose formation.
4
,
5
However, the vol-
umes of the newly formed adipose tissues dramatically decreased
Figure 18.6.
Histological analyses of the newly formed tissues 6 weeks
after implantation into the subcutaneous dorsum of athymic mice; oil
red O staining. (a) Implantation of ASCs cultured on macroporous PLGA
microspheresinaspinnerflaskwiththeadipogenicdifferentiationmedium
for 10 days and (b) implantation of human ASCs cultured on plates with
the adipogenic differentiation medium for 10 days, trypsinized, and subse-
quentlymixedwithmacroporousPLGAmicrospheres.SeealsoColorInsert.
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