Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
also be used as a cell transplantation vehicle, following cell culture
for tissue engineering or cell transplantation therapy, avoiding the
necessity oftrypsinization for the harvest of ex vivo -expanded cells.
This chapter describes a macroporous microcarrier made of
PLGA, a biomaterial approved for clinical application and used as
both an adipocyte culture substrate and a cell transplantation vehi-
cle for adipose tissue engineering. Adipose tissue engineering has
beenproposedasapotentialtreatmentfortheaugmentationofsoft
tissue loss due to cancer, trauma, or burns. 3 It has been shown that
ASCs seeded onto scaffolds and implanted into animals regener-
ated adipose tissues. 4 - 6 Nonporous PLGA microspheres have been
used for adipose tissue engineering. 7 - 9 In this chapter, macrop-
orous PLGA microspheres were used as a cell culture substrate to
expand human ASCs and as a cell transplantation vehicle for adi-
pose tissue engineering. ASCs were cultured on macroporous PLGA
microspheres in stirred suspension bioreactors to expand to a large
numberofcellsanddifferentiateintoanadipogeniclineage.Implan-
tation of ASCs cultured on macroporous PLGA microspheres could
result in better adipose tissue formation than implantation of ASCs
culturedonplates,trypsinized,andsubsequentlymixedwithmacro-
porous PLGA microspheres.
18.2 Fabrication of Macroporous PLGA Microspheres
Macroporous microcarriers have been used for the culture and sub-
sequent transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells for bone
regeneration. 1 However,themicrocarriermaterialusedinthestudy
was not suitable for clinical application. PLGA is a biocompatible,
synthetic polymer approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administra-
tion. It does not contain biological by-products or pathogens that
are recognized as antigens or allergens. In this chapter, macrop-
orous microspheres made of PLGA were used for adipose tissue
engineering.
Macroporous microspheres were fabricated from 75:25 PLGA
(molecularweight ± 80,000Da,BirminghamPolymers,Birmingham,
AL) using a previously described water/oil/water double-emulsion
method. 10 The fabricated PLGA microspheres had open pores
 
Search WWH ::




Custom Search