Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Clearly, the formation of cartilaginous tissue was evident by the
third week of
in vitro
culture in the fibrin/PLGA. The differences
between the fibrin/PLGA and PLGA groups both in AF and in NP
cases were distinguishable in terms of overall cartilaginous tissue
formation,cellsorganization,andECMdistributioninallspecimens.
The presence of an accumulated proteoglycan-rich matrix and GAG
at the core region was significant and was intensely stained at 2
weeks and greatest at 3 weeks. Conversely, AF and NP cells cultured
in PLGA without fibrin demonstrated slower progress of cartilagi-
noustissue formation
in vitro
.
Fibrin supports higher cell proliferation, maintains phenotypic
expression, and promotes greater sGAG production and cartilagi-
noustissueformationofAFandNPcellsculturedinPLGA.Thisstudy
suggests that a fibrin/PLGA hybrid scaffold may serve as a poten-
tial cell delivery vehicle and a structural basis for
in vitro
tissue-
engineered IVD. This
in vitro
study revealed promising results;
hence, future studies utilizing the
in vivo
system are necessary to
further validate the development of tissue-engineered IVD using a
fibrin and PLGA composite.
16.3 The Effect of DBPs on the Reduction
of Inflammatory Reaction of the
PLGA/DBP Hybrid Scaffold
DBPs have long been recognized as powerful inducers of new bone
growth. Many authors reported that this osteoinductive property is
mainly due to bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs).
8
,
11
,
12
After the
demineralizationprocessusinganacidsolution,suchasHCl,anacid-
insoluble matrix of collagen and growth factors, including BMP, is
left behind. In the bone defect site as well as in nonskeletal areas,
DBPs induce osteogenesis without a fibrous reaction.
3
,
5
In a more
recent study, we demonstrated that DBPs enhanced hydrophilic-
ity of PLGA scaffolds with an increase of content and reduced the
adverse cellular response associated with inflammation.
6
For this,
we hypothesized that the inflammatory response of cells neighbor-
ingthePLGAimplantmayoccurandcanbereducedbyimpregnating
DBPs into PLGA. We focused our attention on the early stages of the
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