Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Considering the delicate structure and complexity of tissue, it is
challenging to produce a 2D structure with accurately controlled
fibrous structures or patterns. Generally, the 2D architecture of
an electrospun mat is composed of two parts, the macroscopic
organization of the nanofibers and the secondary structure of the
individual fibers' arrangement. Although there has been a signifi-
cant effort in developing systems to pattern or print substrates in
a defined manner for tissue engineering applications, only a lim-
ited number of patterning approaches using electrospinning are
available. 33 To design a mesoscopically ordered structure of matri-
ces, Zhu et al. developed a slowly rotating frame cylinder fiber col-
lector and obtained electrospun fibrous mats with porosity as high
as 92.4% and average pore sizes of 132.7 μ m. 34 They found that
higher human dermal fibroblast viability, collagen deposition, and
cell migration on the scaffold were achieved for fibrous mats with
larger pore sizesand higher porosity.
A new method using electroconductive templates was employed
to fabricate electrospun mats with controllable architectures
and patterns, as shown in Fig. 11.4, and electrospun fibrous
(B)
(A)
Figure 11.4. (A):(a)SEMimageofapatternedcollector;(b)opticalimage
ofanelectrospunmatcollectedusingthecollector;c)SEMimageofatypical
unitintheelectrospunmatcollectedusingthecollector;d)SEMimageofthe
cross point in the electrospun mat. (B): Optical images of electrospun mats
collectedusingcollectors(a)withoutprotrusionsand(b)withprotrusions;
(c)opticalimageofapatternedcollectorcomposedofmetalprotrusions;d)
optical image of electrospun mats collected using the collector in (c).
 
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