Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 4
BIOCERAMIC SCAFFOLD—BONE
TISSUE ENGINEERING
Willi Paul and Chandra P. Sharma *
Division of BiosurfaceTechnology, Biomedical Technology Wing,
Sree Chitra Tirunal InstituteforMedical Sciences & Technology,
Thiruvananthapuram695012,India
*sharmacp@sctimst.ac.in
Naturalboneconsistsofcalciumphosphatewithnanometer-sized
needle-like crystals of approximately 5-20 nm width by 60 nm
length. Synthetic calcium phosphates and bioglass are biocompat-
ible and bioactive as they bond to bone and enhance bone tis-
sue formation. This property is attributed to their similarity with
the mineral phase of natural bone except its constituent particle
size and is considered the most appropriate candidate for bone
tissue engineering. Calcium phosphate ceramics have been used
in dentistry and orthopedics for over 30 years because of these
properties. Several studies indicated that incorporation of growth
hormones into these ceramic matrices facilitated increased tis-
sue regeneration. Nanophase calcium phosphates can mimic the
dimensions of constituent components of natural tissues and can
modulateenhancedosteoblastadhesionandresorptionwithlong-
termfunctionalityoftissueengineeredimplants.Thisminireview
discusses some of the recent developments in nanophase ceramic
matrices utilized for bone tissue engineering.
 
 
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