The Role of b-Arrestins in Cancer - Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science - page 396

4. CONCLUSIONS
The essential role played by the ARRBs as key modulators of tumor
initiation and progression is well documented in several studies reviewed in
this chapter. Although many of these studies support the notion that ARRB
proteins are necessary for a malignant phenotype, none of the current studies
have demonstrated that their altered expression is sufficient for malignant
transformation. The observed differences in ARRB1 and ARRB2, as well
as the effect of overexpression or knockdown of either one, are striking and
seem to be organ and site dependent. While some studies indicate that
ARRB2, not ARRB1, expression is critical for maintaining malignant phe-
notypes, other studies support the role of ARRB1 in tumorigenesis. Further
work is needed to address the interplay between the two forms and their
downstream targets in cancer progression.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors would like to thank Perry V. Halushka, M.D., Ph.D. for critical review of the
chapter. The authors' work is supported by NIH Grants R01 CA127905 (O. M.).
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