Global Health Initiatives: A Healthy Governance Response? - Innovation in Global Health Governance - page 286

the United States, and canada with regard to health governance issues. this dual
analysis will provide a valuable framework for measuring the response of the global
governance system to current health challenges. From this analysis the chapter
assesses what features stand out in terms of their impact on global health governance
and how these components can be incorporated to improve the system.
In today's globalised world, health governance issues, in particular the outbreak
of infectious disease, have moved beyond the bounds of the technical experts.
This leads to complex interlinkages as well as oversimplification. Concerns about
pandemics and their links to economic and security issues are all over the news and
other media. examples include coverage on the rising cases of avian influenza (CBC
news 2008), the 7 november 2005 issue of Time Magazine issue on global health
('How to Save a life: a Special report on the world's Most Dangerous Diseases—
and the Heroes Fighting them'); the diary of Jeffrey Sachs and angelina Jolie on
Mtv (2007) highlighting the problems of HIv/aIDS in africa, articles such as The
Economist' s 'bird Flu Flares Up again in asia' (2007), and the many headlines
announcing the multi-country outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome
(SarS) and a corresponding downturn in the tourism business in 2003. Indeed,
packaging details about specific diseases into popularized formats is important for
informing the public and mobilising action. but it generally misses the complexities

Table 15-1: Global Health Initiatives with Annual Budgets

Global Health Initiative Disease Focus Founded budget

PolioPlus, rotary
International

Polio 1985 US$135 000 000

between 2002 and 2005

Global Fund to Fight aIDS,
tuberculosis, and Malaria

HIv/aIDS, malaria
and tuberculosis

2001 US$4 721 953 738

between 2001 and 2005

clinton Foundation HIv/
aIDS Initiative

HIv/aIDS 2001 US$56 008 771

2004 (foundation's
annual expenses but not
specific to initiative)

bill and Melinda Gates
Foundation

HIv/aIDS, malaria,
tuberculosis, and
other infectious
diseases

2000 US$447 003 000

2004

wHo '3 by 5' initiative HIv/aIDS 2003 n/a

International aIDS vaccine
Initiative

HIv/aIDS 1996 US$380 000 000

to date
US$654 000 000
2005 to 2009

GavI Hepatitis b, yellow

fever, Haemophilis
influenzae type b,
and other diseases

2003

US$3 592 347

Stop tb Partnership tuberculosis 2000 n/a

Smallpox initiative Smallpox 1967-1980 US$300,000,000